Important points about distribution Transformers

Distribution Transformer

A distribution transformer is a device that adjusts the voltage in the electricity distribution system to match what customers need. They're crucial for supplying power to homes, businesses, and other buildings. These transformers come in different types, based on where they're installed, the insulation they use, the number of phases, voltage levels, and how well they handle sudden voltage spikes.

Here are some important points about distribution transformers:

1. Size and Efficiency: Distribution transformers are typically smaller, rated at less than 200 kVA, and are most efficient when operating at lower loads. They're built with low leakage reactance to keep the voltage steady.

2. Single-phase or Three-phase: Depending on the power supply and demand, distribution transformers can be either single-phase or three-phase. Single-phase ones have one winding on each side, while three-phase ones have three sets of windings.

3. Insulation Type: They can be either liquid-immersed or dry-type. Liquid-immersed transformers use oil or other liquids for cooling and insulation, while dry-type ones rely on air or gas.

4. Mounting Locations: Distribution transformers can be mounted on poles, pads, or underground vaults. Pole-mounted ones are common in rural areas, while pad-mounted ones are encased in metal cabinets and sit on concrete pads. Underground vault-mounted ones are installed in underground chambers and are used in urban areas.

5. Voltage Classes and Insulation Levels: These transformers come in various voltage classes, ranging from 5 kV to 35 kV, and have different insulation levels to protect against lightning.